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GPS  
   
GPS(Global Positioning System)´Â ¹Ì ±¹¹æ¼º¿¡¼­ ÀÚ±¹ÀÇ ±º»ç¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© °³¹ßÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î Áö±¸»ó ¾îµð¶óµµ
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Ç×¹ýü°è ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

 

GPS´Â ¹Ì±¹Á¤ºÎ°¡ 1970³â´ë ÃʹݺÎÅÍ °³¹ß¿¡ Âø¼öÇÏ¿© ¾à 60¾ïºÒÀÇ ¿¹»êÀ» ÅõÀÚÇÏ¿© ±¸ÃàÇÑ Ç×¹ýÁö¿ø ½Ã½ºÅÛ
ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ø·¡´Â ±º»ç¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î °³¹ßÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸, GPS½ÅÈ£ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¹Î°£ÀÎÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
ÀüÁ¦·Î ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸ°¡ ¿¹»êÀ» ½ÂÀÎÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î GPS½ÅÈ£ Áß L1, C/A ÄÚµå´Â ¹Î°£¿¡ °³¹æµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
GPS À§¼º¿¡¼­ ¹æ¼ÛÇÏ´Â C/A Äڵ带 ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé Àü¼¼°è ¾îµð¿¡¼­¶óµµ ÀüõÈÄ, 24½Ã°£ ÃøÀ§°¡ °¡´ÉÇϸç,
±× Á¤È®µµ´Â ¾à 100m Á¤µµ°¡ µË´Ï´Ù.

 

GPSÀÇ ÃøÀ§´Â °Å¸®ÃøÁ¤¹æ½Ä¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ï°¢¹ý(Triangulation)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϴµ¥, C/AÄڵ带 ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© À§¼º°ú ¼ö½Å±â
¾ÈÅ׳ª°£ÀÇ °Å¸®¸¦ ±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
À§¼ºÀº Ç×»ó 1575.42MHzÀÇ L1ÁÖÆÄ¿¡ C/AÄڵ带 ½Ç¾î¼­ º¸³»°í, ¼ö½Å±â¿¡¼­µµ ¶È°°Àº Äڵ带 ¹ß»ý½ÃÄÑ ¼ö½ÅµÈ
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µû¶ó¼­, ±¤¼Ó(À§¼º½ÅÈ£ÀÇ ¼Óµµ) x ¼Ò¿ä½Ã°£À¸·Î À§¼º°ú ¼ö½Å±â°£ÀÇ °Å¸®¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
C/AÄÚµå´Â ±× ÀÚü°¡ °ÅÀÇ ÀâÀ½¿¡ °¡±î¿î ÀÇ»çÀâÀ½ºÎÈ£(Pseudo Random Noise Code)·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í ¶ÇÇÑ
»ó±â¿Í °°ÀÌ ±¸ÇÑ °Å¸® ´Â ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ À̸¦ ÀÇ»ç°Å¸®(Pseudo Range)¶ó °í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.
GPS¼ö½Å±â´Â 4°³ÀÇ À§¼ºÀ» °üÃøÇÏ¿© °Å¸®¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿© À§Ä¡¸¦ °è»êÇϴµ¥, ÀÌ´Â 4°³ÀÇ ¹ÌÁö¼ö(ÁÂÇ¥:Ux, Uy, Uz ¹× ½Ã°è¿ÀÂ÷CB) ¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϴµ¥ 4°³ÀÇ °üÃøÄ¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

 

(´ÜÀ§ : US¾ï ´Þ·¯, %)
±¸  ºÐ 1995 2000 2005
¸ÅÃâ¾× Á¡À¯À² ¸ÅÃâ¾× Á¡À¯À² ¸ÅÃâ¾× Á¡À¯À²
À°»óÇ×¹ý 7.29 32.1 39.74 34.2 125.50 40.4
Ç×°øÇ×¹ý 2.69 11.8 19.47 16.7 41.94 13.5
ÇؾçÇ×¹ý 3.41 15.0 13.11 11.3 33.57 10.8
·¹Á®¿ë 3.51 15.4 24.46 21.0 63.09 20.3
°úÇÐ ¹× Ãø·® 3.07 13.5 11.08 9.5 24.55 7.9
½Ã°¢µ¿±â ¹× ÃßÃâ 2.27 12.1 8.47 7.3 21.71 7.0
ÃÑ  °è 22.72 100 116.33 100 310.36 100
(Resource : "GPS : Charting the Future", ¹Ì±¹ National Academy og Public Administration)

(´ÜÀ§ : ¹é¸¸ºÒ)
±¸  ºÐ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
À°»óÇ×¹ý 99.5 154.8 210.2 265.5 320.9 376.2
Ç×°øÇ×¹ý 48.6 64.0 79.4 94.9 110.3 125.7
ÇؾçÇ×¹ý 61.1 86.7 112.3 137.8 163.4 189.0
·¹Á®¿ë 32.9 46.4 60.0 73.5 87.1 100.6
°úÇÐ ¹× Ãø·® 27.6 36.8 46.0 55.2 64.4 73.6
½Ã°¢µ¿±â ¹× ÃßÃâ 21.2 30.0 38.8 47.6 56.4 65.2
ÃÑ  °è 290.8 418.7 546.9 675.0 803.0 931.1
(Resource : "99³â Çѱ¹Ç×°ø¿ìÁÖ¿¬±¸¼Ò" ÀÚ·á)